Women in Politics: A Prognosis of The Nigeria’s Fourth Republic

Abstract

This study explores the issue of gender inequality in the Nigerian political sphere. Women, despite comprising approximately half of the Nigerian population, are notably underrepresented in the country's political arena. Thus, this paper examines the level of political participation among Nigerian women, analyzing the barriers they face through the lens of feminist theory. The theory posits that gender equality and balance between men and women are essential in all spheres of society, including the political, economic, and social spheres. The study utilized a qualitative methodology, relying on secondary data sources and conducting thematic analysis. Hence, drawing on the findings of this study, it is evident that there are numerous barriers to women's political participation in Nigeria, including the patriarchal nature of Nigerian society, political stereotypes, psychological, religious, political parties, political violence, socio-economic and cultural factor among others. Nonetheless, Nigerian women have long been integral contributors
to Nigeria's socio-economic, political, cultural, and religious advancement. Comprising approximately 65% of the population, Nigerian women fulfill crucial roles as mothers, time managers, community organizers, and advocates in both social and political spheres. However, despite their significant contributions and sizable population, society has not fully acknowledged their importance. Furthermore, they have faced marginalization in terms of representation in government. To improve women's political representation in Nigeria, this paper recommends the full implementation of the 35% Affirmative Action policy, which seeks to increase women's
representation in political positions. Furthermore, there is a need to raise awareness among voters and provide training for women to make gender equality a priority. Moreover, emphasizing the importance of collective struggle for both sexes is critical to overcoming societal gender-based prejudices.