Restorative Justice Mechanisms and Post-Conflict Peace Building: A Prognosis of Herdsmen-Farmers Conflict in Taraba State

Abstract

This study examined restorative justice mechanisms and post-conflict peace building: a prognosis of herdsmen-farmers conflict in Taraba State, Nigeria. The study was guided by two objectives. The first was to examine how restorative justice mechanisms promote post-conflict resolution and peaceful coexistence between farmers and herders. The second was to assess the challenges that affect the effective implementation of these mechanisms in the study areas. The study was anchored on Restorative Justice Theory. The theory explains justice as a process of repairing harm through dialogue, accountability and rebuilding relationships rather than punishment. A qualitative descriptive design was adopted to capture the lived experiences and perceptions of people directly affected by the conflict. Data was collected through focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The participants included farmers, herders, traditional rulers, religious leaders, youth and women leaders, peace committee members, NGO representatives and local government officials. A total of 72 participants were drawn from six communities in Lau and Karim Lamido Local Government Areas. Data was analysed thematically to identify patterns and meanings in participants' responses. The findings show that dialogue, mediation, compensation and reconciliation meetings have helped to reduce violence, build trust and support peaceful coexistence. However, these gains are weakened by mistrust, political interference, corruption, economic hardship and weak institutional support, which limit the sustainability of peace efforts. The study concluded that restorative justice mechanisms have contributed to peacebuilding and improved relationships between farmers and herders in the study areas. However, their effectiveness is limited by structural and governance challenges as well as socioeconomic pressures. The study therefore recommends stronger institutional support, proper funding of mediation structures and the integration of livelihood support and trauma healing programmes to ensure lasting peace and stable coexistence in the communities.