FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PROLIFERATION OF ZENG (MAGICAL OBJECTS) AMONG THE MUMUYE OF TARABA STATE

Abstract

The Mumuye society, akin to many African communities, places a significant emphasis on its
belief system, establishing a harmonious connection between the sacred and profane realms.
Zeng are objects like pieces of iron, plants, rag, copper wires, aluminium, human and animal
parts, metabolic waste, rubber, sand and host of other objects , which are magically
compounded, manipulated and empowered with spiritual powers with sensors and satellites of
locations of persons or things to attack or destroy; and they are mostly send by experts. This
study addresses the factors responsible for the proliferation of zeng among the Mumuye of
Taraba State. The primary objective was to identify and understand the underlying factors that
have led to the widespread presence of zeng among the Mumuye people. The research utilised a
combination of ethnographic methods and a phenomenological approach to delve into the
intricate dynamics of zeng proliferation. Data was gathered from both primary and secondary
sources, allowing for a comprehensive examination of the phenomenon. The study employed
rigorous qualitative analysis to derive meaningful insights from the collected data. Findings
revealed that jealousy, greed, arrogance, desecration of places of worship, disrespect for
constituted authorities and norms, and the demand by Zeng to be set free emerge as significant
factors contributing to the proliferation of Zeng among the Mumuye. The research underscored
the importance of judicious use of magical objects for benign purposes such as self-defence,
protection of farms, animals, and hunting games. It advocates for the adoption of protective
measures, including the use of fortified counter-magical items to guard against potential harm
from magical objects. Furthermore, the study emphasises the need for communal unity and a
sense of responsibility, transcending ethnic, religious, regional, and status boundaries. The study
recommends a conscientious approach to the use of magical objects, encouraging individuals to
employ them for positive and constructive purposes rather than malevolent ends. The importance
of fostering a sense of communal responsibility, irrespective of societal divisions, is strongly
advocated to promote harmony and well-being within the Mumuye society.