Environmental Degradation and Food Productivity in Nigeria

Abstract

This study analyzed the effect of environmental degradation on food productivity in Nigeria for the period 1990 - 2023. Data on air pollution, annual rainfall and population density were the independent variables while food production as a ratio of gross domestic product was the dependent variable. The data were subjected to econometric analysis specifically unit root,
Johansen cointegration test and error correction model. The results showed that air pollution decreased food productivity in Nigeria but not significantly, annual rainfall and population density significantly increased food productivity in Nigeria. The study concluded that environmental degradation especially air pollution in Nigeria is slowly eroding food production and this trend
needs to be checked to ensure food security. The recommendation was that air pollution can be minimized when land exploration for minerals is done in a safe manner and in line with global low emission standards that will guarantee safer environment and sustainable food production.