Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Air Quality in Yola Metropolis, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Air pollution is a significant public health concern, particularly in urban areas. This study investigated the outdoor spatio-temporal variation of pollutants concentration within the study area. The commercial land-use has the highest concentration of pollutants with CO measuring 17.04ppm, P.M2.5 (27.9ug/m3), PM10 measured 59 ug/m3. As per diurnal variability, CO (12.49ppm), PM2.5 (22.57ug/m3) and PM10 (47.15 ug/m3) were averagely highest in the evening as commercial activities peaked in the evening. The identified hazardous locations were Jimeta Market, which measured an average of 33.17ppm CO level, and By-pass Market with PM2.5 and PM10 reading 95.3ug/m3 and 199.9ug/m3 respectively. Findings of the study revealed that land users were not aware of the implications of their activities. Findings also showed that there was no instrument stationed at the highly polluted locations various human activities are the major causes of air pollutants as pollutants concentration was more at the commercial centres, transportation
centres as well as the abattoir where emissions are high. Based on the findings, the study recommended that pollutants monitoring instruments be installed, and people should be educated on the topic of air quality. While it is advisable to use cleaner energies, enforcement should be ensured to cut down emissions.