Risks Awareness and Readiness for Disaster Responses in Communities Located around Dadin Kowa Dam, Gombe State, Nigeria

Abstract

Since its construction, Dadin Kowa Dam's utilization has been minimal until recently, when an attempt was made to maximize its utilization by serving as a source of electricity (40mw) and water for additional irrigation (2,000 ha). This study examines the level of people's awareness of risk, plans, and readiness for emergencies in events of Dam breakages; availability of effective communication systems and response mechanisms in case of emergencies, among others. Using a mixed-method research design, a sample of 350 adults (both males and females) residing upstream and downstream of the dam were administered questionnaires. Five (5) FGDs were conducted with water users and community leaders, and 3 officials of relevant MDAs were interviewed face-to-face. Availability and convenience were criteria used in selecting the 350 respondents, while a judgmental technique was employed in selecting the officials and community leaders. The result show that 90% of the respondents are benefiting from the dam. Officials said the Dam does not present any threat to communities around it, but people are aware of the risks associated with living around the Dam area. Presently, there is no plan for emergencies, no warning system in place; however, 55.1% of the respondents said they have plans for evacuation in case of emergencies. The best means of communication available include via community leaders, radio, and siren. The study recommends immediate installation of warning systems, creation of more awareness on the risks, training on emergency responses, and regular maintenance of the Dam.